Careers in Medicine

Specialties and Subspecialties

(Residencies and Fellowships)

The AAMC Careers in Medicine website has an extensive list of all medical specialties and subspecialties for you to consider specializing in after Medical School. Their list describes the length of residency (specialty) and fellowship (subspecialty) programs, match data, workforce statistics, and compensation.

Below is a list of specialties with the length of residency training, subsequent fellowships available to graduates of this specialty, and the length of each fellowship program.  To learn more about each item listed, the links below will take you to the appropriate specialty on the AAMC Careers in Medicine website.

Anesthesiology Residency:

  

4 years
Adult cardiothoracic anesthesiology fellowship:   + 1 year
Critical care medicine fellowship:   + 1 year
Pain medicine fellowship:   + 1 year
Pediatric anesthesiology fellowship:   + 1 year

Child Neurology Residency:

(after successful completion of either 2 years
of residency training in peds; OR a PG-1 year in
neurology and 1 year of residency training in
pediatrics; OR 1 year of pediatrics plus
1 year of basic)

3 years

Dermatology Residency:

  

4 years
Dermatopathology fellowship:   + 1 year
Procedural dermatology fellowship:   + 1 year

Emergency Medicine Residency:

  

3 or 4 years
Medical toxicology fellowship:   + 2 years
Pediatric emergency medicine fellowship:   + 2 years
Sports medicine fellowship (EM):   + 1 year
Undersea and hyperbaric medicine fellowship:   + 1 year

Family Medicine Residency:

  

3 years
Geriatric medicine fellowship (FM):   + 1 year
Hospice and palliative medicine fellowship:   + 1 year
Obstetrics fellowship: (not yet accredited)   + 1 year
Sports medicine fellowship (FM):   + 1 year
Urgent care fellowship:   + 1 year

Internal Medicine Residency:

  

3 years
Allergy and immunology fellowship:   + 2 years
Cardiovascular disease fellowship:   + 3 years
Clinical cardiac electrophysiology fellowship:   + 1 year
Critical care medicine fellowship:   + 2 years
Endocrinology, diabetes, and metabolism fellowship:   + 2 years
Gastroenterology fellowship:   + 3 years
Geriatric medicine fellowship:   + 1 year
Hematology fellowship:   + 2 years
Hematology and oncology fellowship:   + 3 years
Infectious disease fellowship:   + 2 years
Interventional cardiology fellowship:
   + 1 years
Nephrology fellowship:   + 2 years
Oncology fellowship:   + 2 years
Pulmonary disease fellowship:   + 2 years
Pulmonary disease and critical care medicine fellowship:   + 3 years
Rheumatology fellowship:   + 2 years
Sleep medicine fellowship:   + 1 year
Transplant hepatology fellowship:   + 1 year

Medical Genetics Residency:

(first two completed in another specialty,
usually pediatrics, internal medicine, or ob-gyn)
  

4 years
Molecular genetic pathology fellowship:   + 1 year
Molecular genetic pathology fellowship:   + 1 year

Neurological Surgery Residency:

 

7 years
Endovascular surgical neuroradiology fellowship:   + 1 year

Neurology Residency:

  

4 years
Child Neurology Residency   + 5 years
Clinical neurophysiology fellowship:   + 1 year
Endovascular surgical neuroradiology fellowship:   + 1 year
Neuromuscular medicine fellowship:   + 1 year
Pain medicine fellowship:   + 1 year

Nuclear Medicine Residency*:

(which includes a prelim year.
Nuclear training is 2 years after completing
a residency in another discipline, 1 year after
a diagnostic radiology program.)
  

4 years

Obstetrics and Gynecology Residency:

  

4 years

Ophthalmology Residency:

 

4 years
Ophthalmic plastic and reconstructive surgery fellowship:   + 2 years

Orthopaedic Surgery Residency:

  

5 years
Adult reconstructive orthopaedics fellowship:   + 1 year
Foot and ankle orthopaedics fellowship:   + 1 year
Hand surgery fellowship:   + 1 year
Musculoskeletal oncology:   + 1 year
Orthopaedic sports medicine fellowship:   + 1 year
Orthopaedic surgery of the spine:   + 1 year
Orthopaedic trauma:   + 1 year
Pediatric orthopaedics:   + 1 year

Otolaryngology Residency:

 

5 years
Neurotology fellowship:   + 2 years
Pediatric otolaryngology fellowship:   + 2 years

Pathology—Anatomic and Clinical Residency:

  

4 years
Blood banking/transfusion medicine fellowship:   + 1 year
Bone and soft tissue pathology fellowship:   + 1 year
Breast and gynecologic pathology fellowship:   + 1 year
Chemical pathology fellowship:   + 1 year
Cytopathology fellowship:   + 1 year
Forensic pathology fellowship:   + 1 year
Gastrointestinal and hepatic pathology fellowship:   + 1 year
Hematopathology fellowship:   + 1 year
Medical microbiology fellowship:   + 1 year
Neuropathology fellowship:   + 2 years
Pediatric pathology fellowship:   + 1 year
Renal pathology fellowship:   + 1 year
Surgical pathology fellowship:   + 1 year

Pediatrics Residency:

 

3 years
Adolescent medicine fellowship:   + 3 years
Allergy and immunology fellowship:   + 2 years
Child abuse pediatrics fellowship:   + 3 years
Developmental-behavioral pediatrics:   + 3 years
Neonatal-perinatal medicine fellowship:   + 3 years
Pediatric cardiology:   + 3 years
Pediatric critical care medicine fellowship:   + 3 years
Pediatric emergency medicine fellowship:   + 2 years
(3 years for certification)
Pediatric endocrinology fellowship:   + 3 years
Pediatric gastroenterology fellowship:   + 3 years
Pediatric infectious disease fellowship:   + 3 years
Pediatric nephrology fellowship:   + 3 years
Pediatric pulmonology fellowship:   + 3 years
Pediatric rheumatology fellowship:   + 3 years
Pediatric sports medicine fellowship:   + 1 year

Physical Medicine and Rehab Residency:

  

4 years

Pediatric rehabilitation fellowship:   + 1 year
Spinal cord injury medicine fellowship:   + 1 year
Sports medicine fellowship:   + 1 year

Plastic Surgery Residency:

  

6 years
Craniofacial surgery fellowship:   + 1 year
Hand surgery:   + 1 year

Preventive Medicine Residency:

   + 3 years
Medical toxicology fellowship:   + 2 years

Psychiatry Residency:

  

4 years
Addiction psychiatry fellowship:   + 1 year
Child and adolescent psychiatry fellowship:
(can be initiated after 3rd of psychiatry residency)
   + 2 years
Forensic psychiatry fellowship:   + 1 year
Geriatric psychiatry fellowship:   + 1 year
Psychosomatic medicine fellowship:   + 1 year

Radiation Oncology Residency:

  

5 years

Radiology-Diagnostic Residency:

  

5 years
Abdominal radiology fellowship:   + 1 year
Endovascular surgical neuroradiology fellowship:   + 1 year
Musculoskeletal radiology fellowship:   + 1 year
Neuroradiology fellowship:   + 1 year
Nuclear radiology fellowship:   + 1 year
Pediatric radiology fellowship:   + 1 year
Vascular and interventional radiology fellowship:   + 1 year

Surgery:

  

5 years
Colon and rectal surgery fellowship:   + 1 year
Hand surgery fellowship:   + 1 year
Pediatric surgery fellowship:   + 1 year
Surgical critical care fellowship:   + 1 year
Thoracic surgery fellowship:   + 2 years
Vascular surgery fellowship:   + 2 years

Thoracic Surgery Integrated Residency:

6 years of clinical thoracic surgery education
with a minimum of 24 months and a maximum
of 36 months of core surgical education.
 

6 years
Congenital cardiac surgery fellowship:   + 1 year

Vascular Surgery Integrated Residency:

5 to 7 years depending on training route
(see the CiM website under residency
training requirements for options)
  

5 to 7 years

Urology Residency:

(the first year must be in general surgery)
  

5 years
Pediatric urology fellowship:   + 1 year
     

 

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